Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation is controlled by complex actions involving gene expression and signal transduction. From metaphase to anaphase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein family and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 are known to function as master regulators. However, the mechanism underlying the earliest step, which triggers the initiation of differentiation, remains unknown. In previous reports, we have isolated a number of genes, whose expression increases in the early stage of differentiation in the mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line. Here we report the cloning of the full-length cDNA and characterization of an unknown gene isolated previously and named fad24 (factor for adipocyte differentiation 24). Fad24 encodes a protein consisting of 807 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence was shown to have a basic leucine zipper motif and a NOC domain. Expression of fad24 was rapidly induced after stimulation with inducers. Furthermore, overexpression of fad24 in NIH-3T3 cells promoted adipogenesis in the presence of a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. FAD24 localizes in the nucleus, especially within nuclear speckles. As the nuclear speckle functions as a nascent transcription and pre-mRNA splicing machinery, there is a possibility that FAD24 functions as one of the components for transcription and/or pre-mRNA splicing and positively regulates adipocyte differentiation.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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3T3-L1 Cells
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Adipocytes / cytology*
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Adipocytes / metabolism
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Anaphase
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Animals
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Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
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Blotting, Northern
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Cell Cycle Proteins
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Cell Differentiation
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism
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Cloning, Molecular
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DNA, Complementary / metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Gene Expression Regulation*
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Green Fluorescent Proteins / metabolism
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Humans
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Ligands
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Metaphase
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Molecular Sequence Data
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NIH 3T3 Cells
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Nuclear Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics*
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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Nuclear Proteins / physiology*
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Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins / metabolism
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Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins / physiology*
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PPAR gamma / metabolism
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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RNA Interference
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RNA Splicing
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / physiology*
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Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
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Subcellular Fractions / metabolism
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Time Factors
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Transcription Factors / metabolism
Substances
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Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
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Cell Cycle Proteins
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DNA, Complementary
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Ligands
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NOC3 protein, S cerevisiae
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NOC3L protein, human
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Noc3l protein, mouse
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Nuclear Proteins
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Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins
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PPAR gamma
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RNA, Messenger
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SREBF1 protein, human
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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Srebf1 protein, mouse
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Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
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Transcription Factors
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Green Fluorescent Proteins