Abstract
Plants use a structurally very simple gas molecule, the hydrocarbon ethylene, to modulate various developmental programs and coordinate responses to a multitude of external stress factors. How this simple molecule generates such a diverse array of effects has been the subject of intense research for the past two decades. A fascinating signaling pathway, with classical as well as novel plant-specific signaling elements, is emerging from these studies. We describe the four main modules that constitute this signaling pathway: a phosphotransfer relay, an EIN2-based unit, a ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation component, and a transcriptional cascade. The canonical and Arabidopsis ethylene signaling pathways in the Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment Connections Maps provide a complete panoramic view of these signaling events in plants.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Arabidopsis / genetics
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Arabidopsis / metabolism*
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Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics
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Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Ethylenes / metabolism*
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Models, Biological
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Mutation
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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Plant Proteins / chemistry
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Plant Proteins / metabolism
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Plants / genetics
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Plants / metabolism*
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Receptors, Cell Surface / chemistry
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Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism
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SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases / metabolism
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Signal Transduction*
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / metabolism
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Transcription, Genetic
Substances
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Arabidopsis Proteins
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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EIN2 protein, Arabidopsis
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EIN3 protein, Arabidopsis
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Ethylenes
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Nuclear Proteins
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Plant Proteins
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Transcription Factors
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ethylene receptors, plant
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ethylene-responsive element binding protein
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ethylene
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SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases