Degradation characteristics of typical organic compounds in landfill leachate were investigated by electrochemical oxidation and anaerobic process combined treatment system in this paper. In electrochemical oxidation system, degradation rate of polyphenolic, polyamide, benzothiazole, benzoquinone, quinoline and naphthalene compounds was higher than that of Exo-2-hydroxycineole and isoquinoline compounds, but that of the former was lower in anaerobic process. After electrochemical oxidation process, content of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) markedly increased from 0.68% of raw leachate to 16.18% of effluent of electrochemical reactor. The results indicate that synergetic and antagonistic effects of complicated components on biotoxicity in leachate are notably decreased in such the combined treatment system, and biodegradability of systemic effluent is improved. These are key reasons to highly effectively treat landfill leachate by using such the combined treatment system, and can provide technical assistance to further investigate treatment technology of landfill leachate and large-scale development of electrochemical oxidation and anaerobic process combined treatment system.