IL-22 inhibits epidermal differentiation and induces proinflammatory gene expression and migration of human keratinocytes

J Immunol. 2005 Mar 15;174(6):3695-702. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.6.3695.

Abstract

IL-22 belongs to a family of cytokines structurally related to IL-10, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-24, and IL-26. In contrast to IL-10, IL-22 has proinflammatory activities. IL-22 signals through a class II cytokine receptor composed of an IL-22-binding chain, IL-22RA1, and the IL-10RB subunit, which is shared with the IL-10R. In the present study, we show that short-term cultured human epidermal keratinocytes express a functional IL-22R but no IL-10R. Accordingly, IL-22 but not IL-10 induces STAT3 activation in keratinocytes. Using a cDNA array screening approach, real-time RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis, we demonstrate that IL-22 up-regulates, in a dose-dependent manner, the expression of S100A7, S100A8, S100A9, a group of proinflammatory molecules belonging to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, as well as the matrix metalloproteinase 3, the platelet-derived growth factor A, and the CXCL5 chemokine. In addition, IL-22 induces keratinocyte migration in an in vitro injury model and down-regulates the expression of at least seven genes associated with keratinocyte differentiation. Finally, we show that IL-22 strongly induces hyperplasia of reconstituted human epidermis. Taken together, these results suggest that IL-22 plays an important role in skin inflammatory processes and wound healing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Base Sequence
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Calgranulin A / genetics
  • Calgranulin B / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Interleukin-10 / pharmacology
  • Interleukin-22
  • Interleukins / pharmacology*
  • Keratinocytes / cytology*
  • Keratinocytes / drug effects*
  • Keratinocytes / immunology
  • Keratinocytes / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / genetics
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Receptors, Interleukin / metabolism
  • Recombinant Proteins / pharmacology
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein A7
  • S100 Proteins
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Signal Transduction
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism

Substances

  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Calgranulin A
  • Calgranulin B
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Interleukins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Receptors, Interleukin
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein A7
  • S100 Proteins
  • S100A7 protein, human
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • STAT3 protein, human
  • Trans-Activators
  • interleukin-22 receptor
  • Interleukin-10
  • DNA
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 3