Trace eyeblink conditioning in abstinent alcoholic individuals: effects of complex task demands and prior conditioning

Neuropsychology. 2005 Mar;19(2):159-70. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.19.2.159.

Abstract

Chronic misuse of alcohol affects an integrated neural circuit supporting the formation of associative memories acquired during eyeblink classical conditioning (R. McGlinchey-Berroth et al., 1995). The authors of this study investigated single-cue trace conditioning in amnesic and nonamnesic abstinent alcoholic individuals who either were or were not trained in a single-cue delay conditioning task. Overall, untrained alcoholic participants were severely impaired in acquisition, and alcoholic participants previously trained in single-cue delay conditioning performed similarly to untrained control participants. Individual performance in acquisition varied significantly within task but was relatively stable between the trace and delay tasks; there were nonamnesic and amnesic alcoholic participants who acquired responses at a normal rate in both delay and trace conditioning. The similarity of performances in delay and trace conditioning suggests a common source of impairment across both tasks.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation / methods
  • Aged
  • Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / physiopathology*
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Association Learning / physiology
  • Conditioning, Classical / physiology*
  • Conditioning, Eyelid / physiology*
  • Cues
  • Demography
  • Extinction, Psychological / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Recall / physiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Reaction Time / physiology