Acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruption and food allergy

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005 Mar;94(3):398-401. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60994-5.

Abstract

Background: Acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruption (AE) is a distinct rash associated with profound zinc deficiency. It is seen in a variety of conditions but has not been reported as a presentation of food allergy.

Objective: To report AE as an unusual presentation of food allergy in infants.

Methods: Acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruption was diagnosed by a characteristic rash and a low serum zinc level. The diagnosis of food allergy was made by history, serum total IgE and food specific IgE levels, or oral challenge with suspected foods.

Results: Two infants with AE, diarrhea, and low serum zinc levels were evaluated. Food allergy was found in both infants. The first infant had a serum IgE level of 4642 IU/mL. Specific IgE levels to milk, soybean, wheat, and peanut were 39.04, 10.14, 5.65, and 102.61 kU/L, respectively. Oral challenges to milk and peanut were positive and to soybean were negative. The second infant had a serum IgE level of 991 IU/mL; specific IgE levels to soybean and milk were 36.9 and 0.53 kU/L, respectively. Evaluation for other possible causes of diarrhea revealed homozygous delta F508 in the first infant, confirming the coexistence of cystic fibrosis; findings in the second infant were negative.

Conclusions: Undiagnosed food allergy can lead to profound zinc deficiency. Food allergy should be suspected in a child with acquired AE.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acrodermatitis / immunology*
  • Cystic Fibrosis / complications
  • Diarrhea / immunology*
  • Food Hypersensitivity / complications
  • Food Hypersensitivity / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Zinc / deficiency
  • Zinc / immunology

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin E
  • Zinc