Peritoneal carcinomatosis may occur after curative surgery of any gastrointestinal carcinoma, but it is however the most frequent form of evolution after curative resection of gastric carcinoma and is present at the time of surgery in many cases. This locoregional extension of cancer has a poor prognosis, with a great mortality and a poor quality of life. It is sometimes considered of such a poor prognosis that patients do not go through any resection or palliative procedure. Techniques of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been used with moderate clinical efficacy. Since the 1990s, intraoperative hyperthermic peritoneal chemotherapy combined with comprehensive cytoreductive surgery has been proposed to improve prognosis of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric origin as well as carcinomatosis from colorectal origin or pseudomyxoma peritonei.
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