Abstract
Circadian rhythms generated by cell autonomous biological clocks allow for the appropriate temporal synchronization of physiology and behavior, optimizing the efficiency of biological systems. Circadian oscillators and functions have been uncovered in both central and peripheral tissues. This article describes methodology, experimental design, and technical challenges pertaining to studies of circadian rhythms in the periphery. Experimental approaches are focused upon revealing the role of peripheral clocks in cardiovascular and metabolic function using in vitro and in vivo techniques.
MeSH terms
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ARNTL Transcription Factors
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Animals
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Aorta, Thoracic / chemistry
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / physiology
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Biological Clocks / physiology*
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Blood Glucose / metabolism
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Blood Pressure
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Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena*
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
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Circadian Rhythm / physiology*
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Diabetes Mellitus / metabolism
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Glucose Tolerance Test / methods
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Insulin
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Mice
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / physiology
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Pyruvic Acid
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Suprachiasmatic Nucleus / physiology
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Two-Hybrid System Techniques
Substances
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ARNTL Transcription Factors
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Arntl2 protein, mouse
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
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Blood Glucose
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Insulin
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Npas2 protein, mouse
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Pyruvic Acid