Do social anxiety disorder patients belong to a bipolar spectrum subgroup?

J Affect Disord. 2005 May;86(1):11-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.12.007.

Abstract

Background: It has been proposed that all forms of bipolar disorder-perhaps all primary affective disorders-are best conceptualized as a spectrum of related illness, clinically overlapping but not necessarily genetically uniform illnesses. We aim to describe with retrospective methodology the demographic, clinical, and therapeutic response in a group of social anxiety disorder (SA) patients who improves while taking antidepressants and compare them with bipolar II (B-II) patients.

Methods: 57 SA outpatients (DSM-IV) were diagnosed and naturalistic efficacious treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). Their demographic, clinical features and therapeutic response were compared with 41 DSM-IV bipolar II patients in their starting evaluations in our outpatient clinic in the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Results: There is a sub-group of SA patients who improves while taking antidepressants and presents a clear hypomanic phase. Their improvement is identical to a mild/moderate hypomanic state. Without the antidepressant, the symptoms of SA return. The SA and B-II patients have a similar number of previous depressive episodes, alcohol abuse, suicide attempts, and family history for mood disorder.

Limitations: It is a retrospective data description based on a naturalist follow-up.

Conclusion: Some SA patients have demographic, clinical and therapeutic features similar to B-II patients and they might just be a Bipolar-III sub-group with a higher level of complains to social situations and without spontaneous hypomania during lifetime.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alcohol Drinking
  • Antidepressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bipolar Disorder / classification
  • Bipolar Disorder / drug therapy*
  • Bipolar Disorder / psychology*
  • Demography
  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phobic Disorders / classification
  • Phobic Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Phobic Disorders / psychology*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Suicide, Attempted
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antidepressive Agents