Background: It has been shown that Down syndrome (DS) patients have elevated S100B levels in brain tissue.
Design: Measurements of S100B were performed in serum samples from 48 DS patients and 42 ostensibly healthy age-matched controls.
Results: We observed higher levels of S100B in the DS group than in the control group. Moreover, serum S100B in DS patients was not age-dependent as it is in normal individuals.
Conclusion: The higher levels of S100B in DS patients may reflect a general and persistent increase in the extracellular space and may be associated with neurodegenerative lesions observed in DS patients.