Introduction: Testicular microlithiasis is an uncommon condition characterized by calcifications within the seminiferous tubules. The true prevalence in a normal population has not been defined.
Methods: A review of the literature with emphasis on the connection between testicular microlithiasis and testicular malignancy was carried out.
Results: Testicular microlithiasis is associated with different testicular pathologies, including testicular cancer. However, a direct causative connection between testicular microlithiasis and testicular pathologies is not supported by the literature.
Conclusions: Patients with testicular microlithiasis should be followed up regularly. Further investigations concerning the etiology of testicular microlithiasis remain to be done.
2005 S. Karger AG, Basel