Regeneration and tolerance factor. A vacuolar ATPase with consequences

Chem Immunol Allergy. 2005:89:126-134. doi: 10.1159/000087954.

Abstract

Embryonic-maternal signaling is vital to implantation. We have identified a cellular protein that indirectly regulates secretion of IL-1beta, a proinflammatory cytokine that is involved in this signaling process. Regeneration and tolerance factor is a V-ATPase protein that regulates ATP levels in a variety of cells including macrophages, which, in turn, regulates the P2X7 ligand-gated ion channel. As extracellular levels of ATP rise, the P2X7 receptor undergoes a change in permeability, which leads to the onset of apoptotic events and the release of IL-1beta. IL-1beta leads to local inflammation and vascularization, which is integral to establishing a successful implantation site.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-1 / genetics
  • Interleukin-1 / metabolism
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Maternal-Fetal Exchange / immunology
  • Maternal-Fetal Exchange / physiology
  • Mice
  • Pregnancy
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2 / immunology
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2 / metabolism
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2X7
  • Suppressor Factors, Immunologic / genetics
  • Suppressor Factors, Immunologic / metabolism*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / immunology*
  • Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / metabolism

Substances

  • Interleukin-1
  • P2RX7 protein, human
  • P2rx7 protein, mouse
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2X7
  • Regeneration and tolerance factor, human
  • Suppressor Factors, Immunologic
  • regeneration and tolerance factor
  • Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases