A close structural analog of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine acts as a neutral allosteric site ligand on metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 and blocks the effects of multiple allosteric modulators

Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;68(6):1793-802. doi: 10.1124/mol.105.016139. Epub 2005 Sep 9.

Abstract

The metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) activates calcium mobilization via binding of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Allosteric modulation of the receptor has recently emerged as a promising alternative method of regulation to traditional regulation through orthosteric ligands. We now report three novel compounds that bind to the allosteric 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) site on mGlu5 but have only partial inhibition or no functional effects on the mGlu5 response. Two of these compounds, 2-(2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-5-methylpyridine (M-5MPEP) and 2-(2-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)ethynyl)-5-methylpyridine (Br-5MPEPy), act as partial antagonists of mGlu5 in that they only partially inhibit the response of this receptor to glutamate. The third compound, 5-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (5MPEP), acts as a neutral allosteric site ligand that binds to the MPEP site and has no effects alone. However, 5MPEP blocks the effects of both the allosteric antagonist MPEP and potentiators 3,3'-difluorobenzaldazine and 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB). This compound also blocks depolarization effects of both MPEP and CDPPB in neurons in the subthalamic nucleus. These novel compounds provide valuable new insight into the pharmacology of allosteric sites on G protein-coupled receptors and provide valuable new tools for determining the effects of allosteric site ligands in native systems.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alkynes / pharmacology*
  • Allosteric Regulation / drug effects*
  • Allosteric Site*
  • Animals
  • Brain / cytology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Interactions
  • Electrophysiology
  • Glutamic Acid / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Neurons / drug effects
  • Neurons / physiology
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • Radioligand Assay
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5
  • Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / genetics
  • Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / metabolism*
  • Transfection

Substances

  • 2-(2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-5-methylpyridine
  • Alkynes
  • Ligands
  • Pyridines
  • Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5
  • Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate
  • Glutamic Acid
  • 6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine