Localized electronic excitations in NiO studied with resonant inelastic X-Ray scattering at the Ni M threshold: evidence of spin flip

We studied the neutral electronic excitations of NiO localized at the Ni sites by measuring the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra at the Ni M2,3 edges. The good energy resolution allows an unambiguous identification of several spectral features due to excitations. The dependence of the RIXS spectra on the excitation energy gives evidence of local spin flip and yields a value of 125 +/- 15 meV for the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. Accurate crystal field parameters are also obtained.