Paediatric lap-belt injury: a 7 year experience

Emerg Med Australas. 2006 Feb;18(1):57-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2006.00809.x.

Abstract

Objective: To highlight the injuries that result from lap-belt use and make recommendations for prevention, the recent experience of a regional paediatric trauma centre was reviewed.

Methods: Retrospective review of admissions to Starship Children's Hospital from 1996 to 2003, with significant injury following involvement in a motor vehicle crash, while wearing a lap-belt. Patients were identified from two prospectively collected databases and discharge coding data.

Results: In total, 19 patients were identified over the 7 year period. The morbidity sustained includes 15 patients with hollow viscus injury, 13 laparotomies, 7 spinal fractures, 2 paraplegia and 1 fatality. A total of 11 patients required laparotomy with a median delay of 24 h. Of patients in the present series, 58% were aged less than 8 years and thus were inappropriately restrained.

Conclusions: Lap-belt use can result in a range of life-threatening injuries or permanent disability in the paediatric population. The incidence of serious lap-belt injury does not appear to be decreasing. Morbidity and mortality could be reduced by the use of three-point restraints, age appropriate restraints and booster seats.

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Injuries / diagnostic imaging
  • Abdominal Injuries / epidemiology
  • Abdominal Injuries / surgery
  • Accidents, Traffic / statistics & numerical data*
  • Adolescent
  • Age Distribution
  • Causality
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / statistics & numerical data
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Multiple Trauma / epidemiology
  • New Zealand / epidemiology
  • Radiography
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seat Belts / adverse effects*
  • Spinal Injuries / epidemiology
  • Survival Analysis
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / diagnosis
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / epidemiology*
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / therapy