Mentalisation is one of the key elements of social cognition. There is an increasing interest in influencing social cognition in schizophrenia research. The neuroanatomy of mentalisation is fairly well-known. Dopamine and serotonin systems have important role in the regulation of mentalisation. Second generation antipsychotics are suggested to influence the deficits in mentalisation through modulation of dopamine system. Psychosocial interventions seem to effectively remediate impaired mentalisation as well.