Synthesis, antiviral activity, and pharmacokinetic evaluation of P3 pyridylmethyl analogs of oximinoarylsulfonyl HIV-1 protease inhibitors

Bioorg Med Chem. 2006 Jun 15;14(12):4035-46. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.02.013. Epub 2006 Feb 28.

Abstract

As a continuation of the recently communicated discovery of oximinoarylsulfonamides as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 aspartyl protease, compounds bearing pyridylmethyl substituents at P3 were designed and synthesized. Potent analogs in this series provided low single-digit nanomolar EC50 values against both wild-type HIV and resistant mutant virus (A17), attenuated some 3- to 12-fold in the presence of 50% human serum. Pharmacokinetic results for compounds in this series showed good to excellent exposure when co-administered orally with an equal amount of ritonavir (5mg/kg each) in the rat, with average AUC >8 microg h/mL. Similar dosing in dog resulted in significantly lower plasma levels (average AUC <2 microg h/mL). The 3-pyridylmethyl analog 30 gave the best overall exposure (rat AUC=7.1 microg h/mL and dog AUC=4.9 microg h/mL), however, this compound was found to be a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A (Ki=2.4 nM).

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Area Under Curve
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
  • Dogs
  • Drug Design
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors / chemical synthesis*
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors / chemistry
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
  • HIV-1 / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Pyridines / chemistry
  • Rats
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Sulfonamides / chemical synthesis*
  • Sulfonamides / chemistry
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors
  • Pyridines
  • Sulfonamides