A novel isoform of prostate apoptosis response 4 (PAR-4) that co-distributes with F-actin and prevents apoptosis in neural stem cells

Apoptosis. 2006 Mar;11(3):315-25. doi: 10.1007/s10495-006-3979-8.

Abstract

The elevated expression of prostate apoptosis response-4 (PAR-4) induces apoptosis in differentiating mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. In embryoid body (EB) cells and the E15.5 stage of embryonic mouse brain, PAR-4 is expressed as two isoforms (38 and 33 kDa). Using mouse EB-derived RNA as a template we have cloned and characterized a novel isoform of PAR-4 (PAR-4/p33) that lacks exon 3 and shows a bona fide splice junction of exons 2 and 4. The molecular mass for PAR-4/p33 is estimated to be 33 kDa, corresponding to the short form found in the EB cells and E15.5 mouse brain. The fluorescent fusion protein of PAR-4/p33 is mainly found in the cytosol and is co-distributed with F-actin filaments, while that of the 38 kDa full length PAR-4/p38 is predominantly translocated to the nucleus. In contrast to the full length PAR-4 (PAR-4/p38), ectopic expression of PAR-4/p33 does not result in the activation of caspase 3 and the induction of apoptosis. PAR-4/p33 forms a complex with PAR-4/p38, which inhibits its nuclear translocation and the induction of apoptosis. PAR-4/p33 is suggested to be a dominant negative isoform of PAR-4/p38 and may regulate PAR-4-dependent apoptosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Actins / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / physiology*
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / chemistry
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism*
  • Brain / cytology
  • Brain / embryology
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Fractionation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Molecular Weight
  • Neurons / cytology
  • Neurons / physiology*
  • Protein Isoforms / chemistry
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Actins
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • prostate apoptosis response-4 protein