Introduction: In spite of confirming an association between type I diabetes of pregnancy with hydramnios, in the most recent studies there is still no clarity about which of the maternal or foetal metabolic parameters linked with amniotic fluid volume play the most important role.
Aim: To determine which of the maternal or foetal metabolic parameters has the closest association with amniotic fluid volume.
Material and methods: The research was performed in two groups: normal healthy pregnant women (n=43) and group of pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n=17) and their newborns. We measured: amniotic fluid index, glucose level in serum and in amniotic fluid, in newborn serum, HbA1c level in serum of women and newborns.
Results: We found statistically significant higher values of amniotic fluid index 16.3 +/- 5.2 cm (p<0.01), glucose level in amniotic fluid 2.7 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (p<0.01), serum glucose level before delivery 8.4 +/- 1.6 mmol/l (p<0.001), glycosylated haemoglobin in serum levels 7.9 +/- 0.4% (p<0.05), levels of glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin in serum newborns 3.4 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (p<0.05), 7.7 +/- 0.4% (p<0.001) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus as compared with these values in the group of healthy parturient women and their newborn infants. Performed correlation study shows statistical correlation between amniotic fluid index and glycosylated hemoglobin serum levels in the group of women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (p<0.05), t=0.56.
Conclusion: We conclude that long hyperglycemia or increased HbA1c level have an important role in amniotic fluid index increase in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.