A series of N-substituted 4-aryl-4,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-2,5(1H,3H)-diones were synthesized through a rapid one-pot four-component reaction under microwave irradiation. The method has the advantages of excellent yields (82-96%) and short reaction time (4-9 min). We provide new series of potential biologically active compounds for biomedical screening.