Introduction: Orbital pseudotumour is a non-specific inflammatory process of the orbit of unknown origin. It is a rarely diagnosed disease particularly in children, which imitates a neoplastic process. Typical clinical picture is a tumour localized in the orbit, causing various degree of exophtalmus and a decrease of globe mobility and vision. The extent of intraorbital changes are revealed by imaging studies (USG, TK, MR). Diagnosis is based on histopathology of tumour sample. In treatment steroid therapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy in resistant cases are used. Relapse and malignant transformation are observed.
Case report: We present a case of a 5-years old girl with orbital pseudotumour. In the histopathological examination there a small lymphoid cells, immunohistochemically there is mixed lymphocytic T and B infiltration (CD 3 (+), CD 20 (+), bcl (+), CD 43 (-)). She was treated with steroid therapy, and achieved complete regression of the tumour. At present she is regularly oncologically examined because of the possibility of malignant transformation.
Conclusions: 1. Orbital pseudotumour should be included in the differential diagnosis of children with an orbital tumour 2. Corticosteroids seem to be the treatment of choice in orbital pseudotumour 3. Children with orbital pseudotumour should be regularly oncologically examined because of the possibility of malignant transformation.