Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) differentially regulates beta-catenin phosphorylation and ubiquitination in colon cancer cells

J Biol Chem. 2006 Jun 30;281(26):17751-7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M600831200. Epub 2006 May 3.

Abstract

Most colorectal cancers have mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene or the beta-catenin gene that stabilize beta-catenin and activate beta-catenin target genes, leading ultimately to cancer. The molecular mechanisms of APC function in beta-catenin degradation are not completely known. APC binds beta-catenin and is involved in the Axin complex, suggesting that APC regulates beta-catenin phosphorylation. Some evidence also suggests that APC regulates beta-catenin nuclear export. Here, we examine the effects of APC mutations on beta-catenin phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation in the colon cancer cell lines SW480, DLD-1, and HT29, each of which contains a different APC truncation. Although the current models suggest that beta-catenin phosphorylation should be inhibited by APC mutations, we detected significant beta-catenin phosphorylation in these cells. However, beta-catenin ubiquitination and degradation were inhibited in SW480 but not in DLD-1 and HT29 cells. The ubiquitination ofbeta-catenin in SW480 cells can be rescued by exogenous expression of APC. The APC domains required for beta-catenin ubiquitination were analyzed. Our results suggest that APC regulates beta-catenin phosphorylation and ubiquitination by distinct domains and by separate molecular mechanisms.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / genetics
  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / metabolism*
  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / chemistry
  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / genetics
  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / metabolism*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colonic Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Dinucleotide Repeats
  • HT29 Cells
  • Humans
  • Mutation
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Ubiquitin / metabolism*
  • beta Catenin / metabolism*

Substances

  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein
  • Ubiquitin
  • beta Catenin