Self-paced and reprogrammed saccades: differences between melancholic and non-melancholic depression

Neurosci Res. 2006 Nov;56(3):253-60. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2006.07.003. Epub 2006 Aug 17.

Abstract

Motor disturbances in major depressive disorder (MDD) are increasingly recognized and may differentiate melancholic, from non-melancholic depression. Motor impairments in melancholic depression have been likened to Parkinson's disease and proposed to have a frontostriatal basis. This study investigated self-pacing and reprogramming skills, thought to rely on frontostriatal functioning, in groups of healthy individuals (n=15), non-melancholic depression patients (n=10) and melancholic depression patients (n=9) using ocular motor tasks. Self-paced saccades were requested to be performed at a rhythm of 1 Hz between two continuously illuminated targets, before and after external cueing. Saccade reprogramming, for direction and amplitude, was explored using a saccadic "oddball" task. Results indicated no group differences for accuracy, intersaccadic intervals (during the self-paced task), latency or peak velocity. However, the melancholic group showed greater intrasubject variability of latencies than the control group, lower peak saccade velocities compared to the non-melancholic group, and reduced accuracy of the primary saccade when compared to the control and the non-melancholic groups. These findings provide further support for distinct motor impairments associated with melancholia that may reflect frontostriatal abnormalities.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Cues
  • Depression / physiopathology*
  • Depressive Disorder / physiopathology*
  • Eye Movements / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Status Schedule
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Photic Stimulation / methods
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology*
  • Reaction Time / physiology
  • Saccades / physiology*