Differentiating ligand and inhibitor interactions of a single antiporter

J Mol Biol. 2006 Oct 6;362(5):925-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.07.049. Epub 2006 Jul 28.

Abstract

Regulatory mechanisms of ion and solute transporters are in focus of biomedical and biochemical studies and build a key for disease therapies. Inhibition of sodium/proton exchangers efficiently prevents ischemic heart disease and reperfusion development in humans, but molecular mechanisms behind are not clear. Using single-molecule force spectroscopy we observe the binding of the inhibitor 2-aminoperimidine (AP) to sodium/proton antiporters NhaA from Escherichia coli. Deactivating interactions were significantly suppressed at enhanced sodium concentrations of 200 mM as well as in the pH-locked inactive conformation of NhaA. New molecular interactions were quantified and localized within the protein occurring upon a competitive inhibitor binding. The inhibitor, which was targeted and bound to the ligand-binding pocket, altered interactions established at alpha-helix IX. These molecular mechanisms deactivating the antiporter were different to those established upon ligand binding and activation of NhaA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Membrane / chemistry
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism*
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / chemistry
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Ligands
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Folding
  • Quinazolines / metabolism*
  • Quinazolines / pharmacology
  • Sodium / metabolism
  • Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / antagonists & inhibitors*

Substances

  • 2-aminoperimidine
  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • Ligands
  • Quinazolines
  • Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
  • Sodium