Abstract
Affective mixed states in bipolar disorders are a current matter of scientific debate and represent a complex clinical picture with coexisting manic and depressive symptoms. Treatment of mixed states is regarded as an important challenge. As diagnostic uncertainties complicate systematic clinical evaluations of this patient group, generally accepted clinical treatment guidelines are lacking yet. In this review the significance as well as the problems and risks of new treatment options are discussed.
MeSH terms
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Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use
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Antidepressive Agents / therapeutic use
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Antimanic Agents / therapeutic use
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Antipsychotic Agents
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Bipolar Disorder / diagnosis
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Bipolar Disorder / drug therapy
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Bipolar Disorder / epidemiology
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Bipolar Disorder / psychology*
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Depression / psychology
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Electroconvulsive Therapy
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Humans
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Lithium Chloride / therapeutic use
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Psychotherapy
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Thyroid Hormones / therapeutic use
Substances
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Anticonvulsants
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Antidepressive Agents
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Antimanic Agents
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Antipsychotic Agents
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Thyroid Hormones
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Lithium Chloride