Objective: To ed evaluate the clinical effects of autologous cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) fusion to lower recurrence of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) effect after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) sequentially combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA).
Methods: Sixty-four HCC patients underwent TACE sequentially combined with RFA without residual tumor or extrahepatic metastasis were randomly divided into 2 groups: study group (n = 33), receiving autologous CIK fusion of the dose of (1.1 - 1.5) x 10(10) via the peripheral vein or hepatic artery, firstly once every 3 - 4 weeks for 4 times, and then once every 4 weeks for 4 times; and control group (n = 31). All patients were followed up for 1 year.
Results: In the study group, 29 patients (29/33) were recurrence-free during the 1 year follow-up, 3 had recurrence in the liver 5, 6, and 7 months later respectively, and 1 patient had lymphoadenopathy in the hepatic portal 9 months later. In the control group, 23 patients (68.01%) were recurrence-free, 7 had recurrence in the liver within 1 year, and 1 had lung metastasis 11 months later. In the study group, the number of the patients with the HBV DNA content < 1 x 10(3) before treatment was 19, and increased to 29 after the treatment; 2 of the 19 patients who were HBsAg positive before the treatment became HBsAg negative after the treatment, and number of the patients with the HBV DNA content of 10(3) - 10(4) was 3 before the treatment, and became 13 after the treatment among which 1 patient had his HBV DNA content dropping from 1.6 x 10(7) to 1.6 x 10(4). In the control group, only 1 patient showed his HBV DNA content dropping from 1.1 x 10(5) to below 10(3).
Conclusion: Capable of reducing recurrence, prolonging the recurrence-free span, and attacking HBV, autologous CIK fusion after TACE sequentially combined with RFA is an effective novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.