Recently the relationship of vitamin D insufficiency and fracture is noticed in elderly people. Vitamin D nutritional status is evaluated by measuring serum 25 (OH) D. Higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is observed in the patients with hip fracture. This suggests that vitamin D insufficiency is one of fracture risk factor and improvement of vitamin D status reduce fracture risk. With the results of recent studies, we would like to discuss about fractures from the viewpoint of vitamin D insufficiency.