Objective: To improve understanding of avian influenza in humans by presenting a case of avian influenza (H(5)N(1)).
Methods: Clinical and laboratory data of this case of avian influenza (H(5)N(1)) in humans were described, and related literature was reviewed.
Results: The female patient was 31 years old. She lived in epidemic district of avian influenza and had a history of close contact with sick poultry. The patient initially presented fever and chills accompanied by myalgia, and then followed by cough, blood-tinged sputum, dyspnea and frequent diarrhea. Laboratory findings indicated leukopenia, dysfunction of cellular immunity, abnormal enzymes of liver, and hypoxia. Patchy infiltration involved two lungs progressed rapidly on chest radiograph. ECG showed that T waves of V(1 - 5) were reverted. The patient was diagnosed with avian influenza (H(5)N(1)) by hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization assay combined with epidemiological and clinical data. Supportive therapy, corticosteroids, antibacterial, and antiviral agents were administered. Complications were treated accordingly during the course. She got better overtime and recovered. The laboratory abnormalities and chest radiograph returned to normal before discharge. The patient's relatives and doctors involved in the medical care were free from infection.
Conclusions: Supportive treatment is important for patients with avian influenza. Complications should be prevented and treated in time.