Dendritic cell-independent B cell activation during acute virus infection: a role for early CCR7-driven B-T helper cell collaboration

J Immunol. 2007 Feb 1;178(3):1468-76. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.3.1468.

Abstract

This study provides a detailed spatiotemporal interaction analysis between B cells, Th cells, and dendritic cells (DC) during the generation of protective antiviral B cell immunity. Following vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection, conditional ablation of CD11c-positive DC at the time-point of infection did not impair extrafollicular plasma cell generation and Ig class switching. In contrast, the generation of Th and B cell responses following immunization with recombinant VSV-glycoprotein was DC-dependent. Furthermore, we show that the CCR7-dependent interplay of the three cell-types is crucial for virus-neutralizing B cell responses in the presence of limiting amounts of Ag. An immediate event following VSV infection was the CCR7-mediated interaction of VSV-specific B and Th cells at the T cell-B cell zone border that facilitated plasma cell differentiation and Th cell activation. Taken together, these experiments provide evidence for a direct, CCR7-orchestrated and largely DC-independent mutual activation of Th cells and Ag-specific B cells that is most likely a critical step during early immune responses against cytopathic viruses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cell Communication / immunology*
  • Cell Movement / immunology
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Receptors, CCR7
  • Receptors, Chemokine / physiology*
  • Rhabdoviridae Infections / immunology
  • Stomatitis / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / transplantation
  • Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / immunology
  • Virus Diseases / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, Viral
  • Ccr7 protein, mouse
  • Receptors, CCR7
  • Receptors, Chemokine