Abstract
During the past 18 years, sildenafil has evolved from a potential anti-angina drug to an on-demand treatment for erectile dysfunction and more recently to a new orally active treatment for pulmonary hypertension. Recent studies suggest that the drug has powerful cardioprotective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury, doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and anti-hypertensive effect induced by chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in animals. Based on several recent basic and clinical studies, it is clear that sildenafil and other clinically approved type-5 phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors including vardenafil and tadalafil will eventually be developed for several cardiovascular indications including essential hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, ischemia/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, ventricular remodeling and heart failure.
Publication types
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Comment
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
MeSH terms
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3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / antagonists & inhibitors
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Animals
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Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology
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Carbolines / pharmacology
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Cardiomyopathies / chemically induced
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Cardiomyopathies / prevention & control
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Cardiovascular Agents / pharmacology*
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Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use
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Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5
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Disease Models, Animal
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Doxorubicin
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Endothelium, Vascular / drug effects
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Erectile Dysfunction / drug therapy
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Heart Failure / drug therapy
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Humans
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Hypertension / chemically induced
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Hypertension / metabolism
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Hypertension / prevention & control*
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Hypertension, Pulmonary / drug therapy
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Imidazoles / pharmacology
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Male
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Myocardial Infarction / drug therapy
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / chemically induced
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
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NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
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Nitric Oxide / metabolism*
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Piperazines / pharmacology*
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Piperazines / therapeutic use
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Purines / pharmacology
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Purines / therapeutic use
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Sildenafil Citrate
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Sulfones / pharmacology*
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Sulfones / therapeutic use
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Tadalafil
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Triazines / pharmacology
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Vardenafil Dihydrochloride
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Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology
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Ventricular Remodeling / drug effects
Substances
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Antihypertensive Agents
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Carbolines
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Cardiovascular Agents
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Imidazoles
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
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Piperazines
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Purines
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Sulfones
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Triazines
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Vasodilator Agents
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Nitric Oxide
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Vardenafil Dihydrochloride
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Tadalafil
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Doxorubicin
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Sildenafil Citrate
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3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases
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Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5
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PDE5A protein, human
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NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester