Validation of a high-throughput in vitro alkaline elution/rat hepatocyte assay for DNA damage

Mutat Res. 2007 Apr 20;629(1):49-63. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.01.005. Epub 2007 Jan 20.

Abstract

In vitro alkaline elution is a sensitive and specific short term assay which measures DNA strand breakage in a mammalian test system (primary rat hepatocytes). This lab has previously demonstrated the performance of the assay with known genotoxic and non-genotoxic compounds. The methodology employed has relatively low sample throughput and is labor-intensive, requiring a great deal of manual processing of samples in a format that is not amenable to automation. Here, we present an automated version of the assay. This high-throughput alkaline elution assay (HT-AE) was made possible through 3 key developments: (1) DNA quantitation using PicoGreen and OliGreen fluorescent DNA binding dyes; (2) design and implementation of a custom automation system; and (3) reducing the assay to a 96-well plate format. The assay can now be run with 5-50mg of test compound. HT-AE was validated in a similar manner as the original assay, including assessment of non-genotoxic and non-carcinogenic compounds and evaluation of cytotoxicity to avoid confounding effects of toxicity-associated DNA degradation. The validation test results from compounds of known genotoxic potential were used to set appropriate criteria to classify alkaline elution results for genotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biological Assay
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chlorophenols / toxicity
  • Chlorpheniramine / toxicity
  • DNA / analysis
  • DNA Damage*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Hepatocytes / drug effects*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Male
  • Mutagenicity Tests / methods*
  • Mutagens / toxicity*
  • Nitrophenols / toxicity
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Toxicity Tests / methods
  • Toxicity Tests / standards

Substances

  • Chlorophenols
  • Mutagens
  • Nitrophenols
  • Chlorpheniramine
  • DNA
  • 2,4-dichlorophenol
  • 4-nitrophenol