Strongly correlated 2D quantum phases with cold polar molecules: controlling the shape of the interaction potential

Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Feb 9;98(6):060404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.060404. Epub 2007 Feb 8.

Abstract

We discuss techniques to tune and shape the long-range part of the interaction potentials in quantum gases of bosonic polar molecules by dressing rotational excitations with static and microwave fields. This provides a novel tool towards engineering strongly correlated quantum phases in combination with low-dimensional trapping geometries. As an illustration, we discuss the 2D superfluid-crystal quantum phase transition for polar molecules interacting via an electric-field-induced dipole-dipole potential.