A marine-derived acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain specifically inhibits neuronal cell injury mediated by beta-amyloid-induced astrocyte activation in vitro

Neurol Res. 2007 Jan;29(1):96-102. doi: 10.1179/174313206X152483.

Abstract

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques are surrounded by activated astrocytes and microglia. A growing body of evidence suggests that these activated astrocytes contribute to neurotoxicity through the induction of inflammatory cytokines and the production of oxidative stress mediators. Thus, a compound inhibiting Abeta-induced activation of astrocytes may lead to a novel therapy for AD. Our current work investigates the roles of acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain (AOSC), derived from brown algae Echlonia Kurome Okam, on Abeta-induced inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity. We observed that AOSC inhibited the toxicity and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cell line induced by Abeta-stimulated astrocytes conditioned medium. We found that AOSC inhibited the reactive phenotype of astrocytes, blocked cellular oxidative stress, reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 and prevented the influx of Ca2+. Thus, our results indicate that AOSC might be a potentially therapeutic compound for AD.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy*
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease / physiopathology
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / toxicity
  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Astrocytes / drug effects*
  • Astrocytes / metabolism
  • Calcium Signaling / drug effects
  • Calcium Signaling / physiology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Culture Media, Conditioned / pharmacology
  • Cytokines / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Encephalitis / drug therapy
  • Encephalitis / etiology
  • Encephalitis / physiopathology
  • Gliosis / drug therapy*
  • Gliosis / physiopathology
  • Gliosis / prevention & control
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Mannans / pharmacology*
  • Mannans / therapeutic use
  • Nerve Degeneration / drug therapy*
  • Nerve Degeneration / physiopathology
  • Nerve Degeneration / prevention & control
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / immunology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Culture Media, Conditioned
  • Cytokines
  • Interleukin-6
  • Mannans
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain, Echlonia Kurome Okam