To investigate the potential role of kisspeptin in the advance onset of puberty in precocious puberty, model rats induced by danazol were used to study the developmental expression of hypothalamic kisspeptin. Kisspeptin immunoreactive cells were observed in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), periventricular nucleus (PeN) and preoptic area (POA) in model rats on the day of onset-puberty. On the day of post-puberty, however, the number of kisspeptin immunoreactive cells in ARC and PeN decreased while the number of those cells in POA increased. Kisspeptin immunoreactive cells were not detected in hypothalamus in both normal and model rats at their pre-puberty stages. Furthermore, the expression of hypothalamic Kiss-1 mRNA reached top on the day of onset-puberty in both of the normal and model rats, and the expression of Kiss-1 mRNA increased significantly in the model rats compared with those in the normal ones. Our results indicated that kisspeptin might involve in the advance onset of puberty in danazol induced female precocious model rats.