Discovery of platencin, a dual FabF and FabH inhibitor with in vivo antibiotic properties

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 May 1;104(18):7612-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0700746104. Epub 2007 Apr 24.

Abstract

Emergence of bacterial resistance is a major issue for all classes of antibiotics; therefore, the identification of new classes is critically needed. Recently we reported the discovery of platensimycin by screening natural product extracts using a target-based whole-cell strategy with antisense silencing technology in concert with cell free biochemical validations. Continued screening efforts led to the discovery of platencin, a novel natural product that is chemically and biologically related but different from platensimycin. Platencin exhibits a broad-spectrum Gram-positive antibacterial activity through inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis. It does not exhibit cross-resistance to key antibiotic resistant strains tested, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. Platencin shows potent in vivo efficacy without any observed toxicity. It targets two essential proteins, beta-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein (ACP)] synthase II (FabF) and III (FabH) with IC50 values of 1.95 and 3.91 microg/ml, respectively, whereas platensimycin targets only FabF (IC50 = 0.13 microg/ml) in S. aureus, emphasizing the fact that more antibiotics with novel structures and new modes of action can be discovered by using this antisense differential sensitivity whole-cell screening paradigm.

MeSH terms

  • 3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • 3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase / metabolism
  • Aminophenols / chemistry
  • Aminophenols / pharmacology*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Microbial Viability / drug effects
  • Molecular Structure
  • Polycyclic Compounds / chemistry
  • Polycyclic Compounds / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Aminophenols
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Polycyclic Compounds
  • 3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase
  • platencin