[Fetal echocardiography. II. Normal and pathological anatomy in real-time ultrasonography]

Zentralbl Gynakol. 1991;113(22):1211-20.
[Article in German]

Abstract

The paper is a practical approach to fetal echocardiography using real-time ultrasound. The normal sonoanatomy of the fetal heart is presented for the non-cardiologist. The basic cross-sectional views are explained as well as the systematic analysis of the different fetal heart structures. The main heart malformations are reviewed with a description of their appearance in prenatal real-time-ultrasound illustrated by some figures. The examination of the fetal heart could be easy learned, but the assessment and the differentiation of congenital heart defects are only possible by a systematic approach, experience and patience. The examination of the fetal heart should be therefore involved in the screening-ultrasound performed by the prenatal sonographer and suspicious findings has to be referred to a perinatal center.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Echocardiography / methods*
  • Female
  • Fetal Heart / diagnostic imaging*
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnostic imaging*
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Ultrasonography, Prenatal / methods*