Although the main risk factors for atherosclerosis have been clearly identified and their correction has demonstrated its efficacy, many subjects do not receive the corrective measures appropriate for their case. The authors describe a hospital service for the prevention of atherosclerosis, which is intended for both primary and secondary prevention as well as for epidemiological monitoring and above all the evaluation of the preventive strategies employed. The results after the service has been running for one year are reported. They appear to confirm the initial options. Cooperation with other people involved in prevention both inside and outside the hospital, is also a fundamental aspect of this task.