Regulation of T-cell antigen receptor-mediated inside-out signaling by cytosolic adapter proteins and Rap1 effector molecules

Immunol Rev. 2007 Aug:218:82-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2007.00543.x.

Abstract

Integrins are critical for the migration of T cells to lymphoid organs and to sites of inflammation and are also necessary for productive interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Integrin activation is enhanced following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, as signals initiated by the TCR increase affinity and avidity of integrins for their ligands. This process, known as inside-out signaling, has been shown to require several molecular components including the cytosolic adapter proteins adhesion and degranulation-promoting adapter protein and Src homology 2 domain-containing adapter protein of 55 kDa, the low molecular weight guanosine triphosphatase Rap1, and the Rap1 effector proteins Rap1 guanosine triphosphate-interacting adapter molecule, regulator of adhesion and cell polarization enriched in lymphoid tissues, and protein kinase D1. Herein, we review recent findings about how the TCR is linked to integrin activation through inside-out signaling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / immunology
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism*
  • Cytosol / immunology
  • Cytosol / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology*
  • Signal Transduction / immunology*
  • rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology
  • rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins