Long-term follow-up of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Blood. 2007 Nov 1;110(9):3456-62. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-04-085969. Epub 2007 Jul 25.

Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) remains an effective strategy for inducing durable remission in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens extend HSCT to older patients and those with comorbidities who would otherwise not be suitable candidates for HSCT. The long-term efficacy of this approach is not established. We evaluated outcomes of 64 CML patients with advanced-phase disease (80% beyond first chronic phase), not eligible for myeloablative preparative regimens due to older age or comorbid conditions, who were treated with fludarabine-based RIC regimens. Donor type was matched related (n =30), 1 antigen-mismatched related (n =4), or matched unrelated (n =30). With median follow-up of 7 years, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 33% and 20%, respectively, at 5 years. Incidence of treatment-related mortality (TRM) was 33%, 39%, and 48% at 100 days, and 2 and 5 years after HSCT, respectively. In multivariate analysis, only disease stage at time of HSCT was significantly predictive for both OS and PFS. RIC HSCT provides adequate disease control in chronic-phase CML patients, but alternative treatment strategies need to be explored in patients with advanced disease. TRM rates are acceptable in this high-risk population but increase over time.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft vs Host Disease / etiology
  • Graft vs Host Disease / mortality
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / mortality
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / therapy*
  • Male
  • Melphalan / administration & dosage
  • Middle Aged
  • Myeloablative Agonists / administration & dosage
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Analysis
  • Transplantation Conditioning / methods*
  • Transplantation, Homologous*
  • Vidarabine / administration & dosage
  • Vidarabine / analogs & derivatives

Substances

  • Myeloablative Agonists
  • Vidarabine
  • fludarabine
  • Melphalan