Abstract
Every breath holds the potential to introduce infectious organisms and irritating particulates into the respiratory tract. Despite this continuous exposure, the lungs usually remain sterile. Further, potential pathogens are distinguished from innocuous particulates, thus sparing the respiratory tract from damaging inflammation. The article reviews the complex defenses used to protect the respiratory tract and also discusses the implications of failed defense systems.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antibody Formation / immunology
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Cat Diseases / immunology*
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Cat Diseases / microbiology
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Cats / immunology*
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Dog Diseases / immunology*
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Dog Diseases / microbiology
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Dogs / immunology*
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Immunity, Cellular / immunology
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Immunity, Mucosal / immunology
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Inflammation Mediators
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Respiratory Mucosa / immunology
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Respiratory Mucosa / microbiology
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Respiratory System / immunology*
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Respiratory System / microbiology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / immunology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary*