Relation between dose of loop diuretics and outcomes in a heart failure population: results of the ESCAPE trial

Eur J Heart Fail. 2007 Oct;9(10):1064-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.07.011. Epub 2007 Aug 24.

Abstract

Background: We examined the relation of maximal in-hospital diuretic dose to weight loss, changes in renal function, and mortality in hospitalised heart failure (HF) patients.

Methods: In ESCAPE, 395 patients received diuretics in-hospital. Weight was measured at baseline, discharge, and every other day before discharge. Weight loss was defined as the difference between baseline and last in-hospital weight. Mortality was assessed using a log-logistic model with non-zero background.

Results: Median weight loss: 2.8 kg (0.7, 6.1); mean: 3.7 kg (22% of values <0). Weight loss and maximum in-hospital dose were correlated (p=0.0007). Baseline weight, length of stay, and baseline brain natriuretic peptide were significant predictors of weight loss. After adjusting for these, dose was not a significant predictor of weight loss. A strong relation between dose and mortality was seen (p=0.003), especially at >300 mg/day. Dose remained a significant predictor of mortality after adjusting for baseline variables that significantly predicted mortality. Correlation between maximal dose and creatinine level change was not significant (r=0.043; p=0.412)

Conclusions: High diuretic doses during HF hospitalisation are associated with increased mortality and poor 6-month outcome.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiotonic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Cardiotonic Agents / adverse effects
  • Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Databases as Topic
  • Female
  • Furosemide / adverse effects
  • Heart Failure / drug therapy*
  • Heart Failure / mortality
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Kidney / drug effects
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Outcome*
  • Weight Loss

Substances

  • Cardiotonic Agents
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • Furosemide