In this work the A.A. present the results of a case-control study on 2,997 subjects carried out to evaluate the role of professional factors in the development of laryngeal cancer. Our analysis included only cases of laryngeal neoplasia at first diagnosis in 1990. From a statistical point of view we calculated the Odds Ratio (OR) and confidence limits at 95% following Miettinen. The analysis was made on 113 cases and 754 controls, all males smokers or ex-smokers, aged between 35-80 years. The results show a statistically significant correlation between laryngeal cancer and jobs in agriculture (OR = 3.77), in iron-steel industries (OR = 3.25), in metal-mechanic industries (OR = 1.72). Precise knowledge of such data could be very useful in promoting primary and secondary prevention campaigns in the above-mentioned work places. The A.A. stress the need to make experimental cancerogenesis studies to evaluate the effects of the association of occupational risk factors, tobacco smoke and alcohol consumption on the natural history of laryngeal cancer.