Multivalent interactions between lectins and supramolecular complexes: Galectin-1 and self-assembled pseudopolyrotaxanes

Chem Biol. 2007 Oct;14(10):1140-51. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.09.007.

Abstract

Supramolecular chemistry has been employed to develop flexible and adaptable multivalent neoglycoconjugates for binding galectin-1 (Gal-1). Gal-1, a dimeric lectin with two galactoside-binding sites, regulates cancer progression and immune responses. Self-assembled pseudopolyrotaxanes consisting of lactoside-displaying cyclodextrin (LCD) "beads" threaded onto polyviologen "strings" display mobile ligands as a result of cyclodextrin rotation about, and limited translation along, the polymer chain. The pseudopolyrotaxanes rapidly and efficiently precipitate Gal-1 and provide valency-corrected enhancements of up to 30-fold compared to native lactose and 20-fold over free LCD in a T-cell agglutination assay. A supramolecular statistical effect was observed, wherein the efficacy of Gal-1 inhibition correlates with the number of ligands connected to each other solely through mechanical and noncovalent interactions. Such flexible and adaptable self-assembled pseudopolyrotaxanes show promise for the study of multivalent interactions and targeting of therapeutically relevant lectins.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Agglutination Tests
  • Binding Sites
  • Carbohydrate Conformation
  • Carbohydrate Sequence
  • Chemical Precipitation
  • Cyclodextrins / chemistry
  • Cyclodextrins / metabolism*
  • Dimerization
  • Galectin 1 / chemistry
  • Galectin 1 / metabolism*
  • Glycosides / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Macromolecular Substances / chemistry
  • Macromolecular Substances / pharmacology
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Poloxamer / chemistry
  • Poloxamer / metabolism*
  • Rotaxanes / chemistry
  • Rotaxanes / metabolism*
  • T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • T-Lymphocytes / drug effects

Substances

  • Cyclodextrins
  • Galectin 1
  • Glycosides
  • Ligands
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Rotaxanes
  • lactosides
  • pseudopolyrotaxane
  • Poloxamer