Abstract
Apigenin is a dietary flavonoid possessing therapeutic potential against cancers. This study was designed to investigate whether combination therapy with gemcitabine and apigenin enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in pancreatic cancer. In vitro, the combination treatment resulted in more growth inhibition and apoptosis through the down-regulation of NF-kappa B activity with suppression of Akt activation in pancreatic cancer cell lines (MiaPaca-2, AsPC-1). In vivo, the combination therapy augmented tumor growth inhibition through the down-regulation of NF-kappa B activity with the suppression of Akt in tumor tissue. The combination of gemcitabine and apigenin enhanced anti-tumor efficacy through Akt and NF-kappa B activity suppression and apoptosis induction.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology*
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
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Apigenin / administration & dosage
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Apoptosis / drug effects
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects
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Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
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Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Down-Regulation
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Drug Synergism
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Gemcitabine
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Humans
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Mice
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NF-kappa B / metabolism
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
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Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism
Substances
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Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
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BAX protein, human
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NF-kappa B
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein
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Deoxycytidine
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Apigenin
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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Gemcitabine