Abstract
Although often requiring the development of efficient adjuvants, needle-free mucosal delivery of vaccine is of major interest as a strategy of mass immunization against infectious diseases. We report that mucosal immunization against tetanus toxoid through nasal route, together with active cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1), elicits a specific and long lasting anti-tetanus toxin response, comprising seric IgG and IgA, as well as mucosal IgA. Immunized mice were protected against a challenge with lethal doses of tetanus toxin (10 x LD(50)). The Rho GTPase activating toxin CNF1 is thus an attractive mucosal adjuvant candidate for nasal vaccines.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic*
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Animals
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Antibodies, Bacterial / analysis
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Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
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Bacterial Toxins / immunology*
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Escherichia coli Proteins / immunology*
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Feces / chemistry
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Female
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Immunoglobulin A / analysis
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Immunoglobulin A / blood
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Immunoglobulin G / analysis
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Immunoglobulin G / blood
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mucous Membrane / immunology
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Nasal Lavage Fluid / chemistry
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Survival Analysis
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Tetanus / immunology
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Tetanus / prevention & control*
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Tetanus Toxoid / immunology*
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antibodies, Bacterial
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Bacterial Toxins
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Escherichia coli Proteins
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Immunoglobulin A
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Immunoglobulin G
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Tetanus Toxoid
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cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1