Inhibition of hepadnavirus reverse transcriptase-epsilon RNA interaction by porphyrin compounds

J Virol. 2008 Mar;82(5):2305-12. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02147-07. Epub 2007 Dec 19.

Abstract

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase (RT) plays a multitude of fundamental roles in the viral life cycle and is the key target in the development of anti-HBV chemotherapy. We report here that the endogenous small molecule iron protoporphyrin IX (hemin) and several related porphyrin compounds potently blocked a critical RT interaction with the viral RNA packaging signal/origin of replication, called epsilon. As RT-epsilon interaction is essential for the initiation of viral reverse transcription, which is primed by RT itself (protein priming), the porphyrin compounds dramatically suppressed the protein-priming reaction. Further studies demonstrated that these compounds could target the unique N-terminal domain of the RT protein, the so-called terminal protein. Hemin and related porphyrin compounds thus represent a novel class of agents that can block HBV RT functions through a mechanism and target that are completely distinct from those of existing anti-HBV drugs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Hemin / pharmacology
  • Hepatitis B virus / enzymology*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Porphyrins / chemistry
  • Porphyrins / pharmacology*
  • RNA, Viral / metabolism*
  • RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / genetics*
  • RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Ribonucleoproteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Porphyrins
  • RNA, Viral
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • Ribonucleoproteins
  • Hemin
  • RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase