Severe hyponatremia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlactatemia are associated with intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion with oxaliplatin

Perit Dial Int. 2008 Jan-Feb;28(1):61-6.

Abstract

Background: Since the introduction of surgical debulking in combination with intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) with oxaliplatin in our institution, severe hyponatremia (sodium: 126.5 +/- 3.8 mmol/L), hyperglycemia (glucose: 22.37 +/- 4.89 mmol/L), and hyperlactatemia (lactate: 3.17 +/- 1.09 mmol/L) have been observed post HIPEC. This metabolic disorder was not observed in patients in whom cisplatin or mitomycin C was used as a chemotherapeutic drug.

Methods: In order to understand the pathophysiology of this finding, an analysis of our data was made. In a first analysis, plasma sodium was corrected for hyperglycemia based on the formula of Hillier. In a second analysis, the influence of total exchangeable sodium, total exchangeable potassium, and total body water on plasma sodium concentration was modeled.

Results: Analysis of our data revealed a double mechanism for the observed metabolic disorder: hyperglycemia caused by dextrose 5%, which is used as a carrier for the oxaliplatin, and major loss of sodium into the dialysate (256.7 +/- 68.7 mmol).

Conclusion: Better control of hyperglycemia and intravenous compensation of sodium loss into the dialysate can attenuate the reported biochemical disturbance.

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Abdominal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Acidosis, Lactic / etiology*
  • Acidosis, Lactic / physiopathology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / adverse effects
  • Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion / adverse effects
  • Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / etiology*
  • Hyperglycemia / physiopathology
  • Hyperthermia, Induced / adverse effects
  • Hyponatremia / etiology*
  • Hyponatremia / physiopathology
  • Infusions, Parenteral / adverse effects
  • Intraoperative Care / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / adverse effects*
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sodium / metabolism
  • Water-Electrolyte Balance

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Blood Glucose
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Sodium