Eosinophil recruiting chemokines are down-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of allergic patients treated with deflazacort or desloratadine

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2007 Oct-Dec;20(4):745-51. doi: 10.1177/039463200702000410.

Abstract

Chemokines are cytokines with chemotactic properties on leukocyte subsets whose modulation plays a key role in allergic inflammatory processes. To better understand the possible anti-inflammatory effects of histamine-1 receptor antagonists in allergic asthma, we studied the mRNA expression of a set of chemokines known to be involved in the eosinophils-basophils activation as well as recruitment and T-cell signaling events, before and after corticosteroid or antihistamine treatment in PBMCs from allergic-asthmatic patients ex vivo. Twelve patients were enrolled, all of whom were allergic to Parietaria judaica and suffering for mild persistent asthma: six were treated with desloratadine (10 mg/day), and six with deflazacort (12 mg/day). Before and after the treatment, PBMC samples were collected from each patient and analyzed for the expression of encoding mRNAs for several chemokines, I-309 (CCL1), MCP-1 (CCL2), MIP1-alpha (CCL3), MIP1-beta (CCL4), RANTES (CCL5), IL-8 (CXCL8), IP-10 (CXCL10), Lymphotactin (XCL1). Clinical and functional improvements were seen after 3 weeks of therapy; this was associated with a reduced expression in the mRNA levels for the chemokines RANTES, MIP1-alpha and MIP1-beta with either the corticosteroid or the antihistamine, compared to the pre-treatment levels. Chemokine downregulation was statistically significant in both groups of patients. These findings suggest that certain antihistamines may act as down-modulators of allergic inflammation, possibly through a negative regulation of the chemokines involved in activation and attraction of eosinophils. Our results suggest that clinical trials with long follow-ups may be useful in evaluating histamine-1 receptor antagonists as add-on therapy to steroids in the treatment of asthma.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Albuterol / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
  • Asthma / physiopathology
  • Bronchodilator Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cell Separation
  • Chemokines / biosynthesis*
  • Densitometry
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Eosinophils / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypersensitivity / drug therapy
  • Hypersensitivity / metabolism*
  • Loratadine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Loratadine / pharmacology
  • Loratadine / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Monocytes / drug effects*
  • Monocytes / metabolism*
  • Nuclease Protection Assays
  • Parietaria / immunology
  • Pollen / immunology
  • Pregnenediones / pharmacology*
  • Pregnenediones / therapeutic use
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / metabolism

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Bronchodilator Agents
  • Chemokines
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists
  • Pregnenediones
  • Loratadine
  • desloratadine
  • deflazacort
  • Albuterol