Variational symplectic integrator for long-time simulations of the guiding-center motion of charged particles in general magnetic fields

Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Jan 25;100(3):035006. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.035006. Epub 2008 Jan 25.

Abstract

A variational symplectic integrator for the guiding-center motion of charged particles in general magnetic fields is developed for long-time simulation studies of magnetized plasmas. Instead of discretizing the differential equations of the guiding-center motion, the action of the guiding-center motion is discretized and minimized to obtain the iteration rules for advancing the dynamics. The variational symplectic integrator conserves exactly a discrete Lagrangian symplectic structure, and has better numerical properties over long integration time, compared with standard integrators, such as the standard and variable time-step fourth order Runge-Kutta methods.