Background: Cutaneous sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignancy derived from adnexal epithelium of sebaceous glands. Periorbital SC is approximately three times more common than extraorbital SC. To date, there are few data from an Australian source to document the prevalence or clinical outcome of this tumour.
Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of the cases from the Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research using their histopathology database for patients with a diagnosis of SC. Patients were identified over a period of 34 years from 1971-2005 and their management and follow up are reported.
Results: There were 25 patients in all. Seventeen were men and eight were women. Of the 25 cases, 12 were extraorbital and 13 were periorbital. Three metastases and one tumour showed extensive local invasion. There were nine cases of incomplete excisions and 13 patients were reoperated on for either incomplete excisions, to obtain a wider margin or for local recurrences. Adjuvant radiotherapy was used on five patients, three of whom had lymph node deposits.
Conclusion: Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare tumour. Extraorbital SC is an aggressive and invasive malignancy. Excision margins may need to be wider than previously thought. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (sunlight) may play a role in the aetiology. Wide excision and selective use of radiotherapy remain the treatment of choice.